Oven.



` No. 892,361. PATENTED JUNE 30, 1908.

E. A. CARPENTER.

OVEN.

APPLIUATION FILED NOV. B, 1907.

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PATENTED JUNE 30, 1908.

E. A..GA'RPENTER. OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-8,1907.

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i tional view of the same.

EUREM A. CARPENTER, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

OVEN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 30, 1908.

Application filed November 8, 1907. Serial No. 401,280.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EUREM A. CARPENTER, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Detroit, in the county of l/Vayne and State of Michigan, have invented new and useful Improvements in Ovens, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to ovens, especially ovens employed for baking enamel or japan upon metal, and the said invention consists in the construction, combination and arrangement of devices hereinafter described and claimed.

The object of this invention is to provide a n ovel form of oven of this class in which a circulation of air is maintained, the efficiency of the oven is increased, the quality of the products enhanced and in which a material economy of time and fuel are effected.

In the accompanying drawings-Figure 1 is an elevation of an oven constructed in accordance with this invention. Fig, 2 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view of the same. Fig. 3 is partly a top plan view and partly a horizontal sectional view ofv the same. Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse sec- Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view of one of the roof beams and of a portion of the ceiling.

My improved oven is provided with an outer wall 1 and an inner wall 2 spaced apart to form an air chamber 25 between them, which air chamber extends entirely around the oven, except at those portions of the front wall thereof provided with a door opening, and extends from the ground to the height of the ceiling. Above the ceiling the Walls are solid and so built as to provide a shoulder or ledge 3 on the upper side of the inner wall 2 around the interior of the oven, which ledge or shoulder serves to support the iron beams 4 of the roof 5. Said beams 4 are I-beams, as shown in detail in Fig. 5. On the tops of the I-beams are corrugated sheets 6 of iron or steel. On such corrugated iron or steel sheets is a layer of asbestos 7 which is covered by a layer of concrete 8, crowned at the center and running to a feather edge at the outer edges of the wall. The I-beams are each drilled in the center of the lower surface and threaded to admit screws 9. Steel or iron plates or sheets having a width equal to that of the lower surfaces of the I-beams are fastened to such beams by such screws. Such sheets or plates are indicated at 10. Upon these plates 10 rest sheet iron or sheet steel ceiling material 11, the ends of which ceiling sheets or plates are spaced apart, as shown in Fig. 5, to provide for expansion or contraction with the variations of temperature in the oven. The said ceiling sheets are clamped between the sheets 10 and the roof beams 4 by the said screws 9, as shown.

The floor 12 of the oven is made of perforated steel or iron plates, beneath which floor is disposed a gridiron of steam or gas pipes 21 which furnish the heat. The doors 13 in one wall of the oven are hung in Z-bar frames 14 built into the brick w( ll, and the hinges 15 of the said doors are so constructed as to cause the doors to rise to a slight extent to clear the AHoor when they are open.

Through the outer wall, at the top thereof, are openings 16 which are provided by building into the said wall short lengths of pipe, which are provided at their outer ends with screens 17 to prevent the entrance of particles of mattei' which might adhere to the material placed in the oven forbaking. T hrough the inner wall 2 at the bottom of the air space or chamber 25 are openings 18, corresponding to those in the outer wall and built in the saine manner. In the ceiling are openings 19 which establish communication between tlie interior of the oven and the air chambers or spaces 26 formed between the beams 4, the ceiling 11 and the corrugated metal sheets 6. The I-beams 4 are provided near their ends with openings 20 which establish communication between such air spaces or chambers 26. In the back wall of the oven at points which register with the said chambers or spaces 26 are openings in which are placed short pipes or ducts 22 which are connected to communicate with aventilating pipe 23 which is spaced from the rear wall of the oven and is disposed parallel therewith. Such pipe communicates with a flue ordischarges into the outer air, as the case may be, and is provided at a point between its dischai'ge end and the ducts or pipes 22 with a damper 24, whereby to regulate the passage of air therethrough. Said damper is in practice provided with openings of sufficient size to prevent the damper from entirely closing the pipe and causing such an accumulation of gases in the oven as to render an explosion possible. The s )ace or air chamber 25 in the hollow wall o the oven serves the double ur ose of furnishing means for admitting frcs i air to the oven and preventing the loss lined roof with air spaces or chambers beof Iheat by radiation. The spaces or chambers 26 between the roofv and ceiling also serve the same purposes. The asbestos and the 'concrete layers on the roof are also nonconductors of heat and minimize the loss by radiation.

In the operation of the oven, fresh air enters through the openings 16 in the outer wall, passes downwardly between the inner and outer walls through the chambers 25, through the openings 18 into the oven, passes from the oven thro-ugh the openings 19 into the air spaces or chambers 26 and from the latter through the ducts or pipes 22 into the Ventilating or air discharge pipe 23. Hence a constant circulation of air is maintained in and through the oven. As the fresh air is admitted to the air chambers or spaces in the hollow walls thesame is heated in such chambers or spaces before it passes into the oven through the openings 18. Owing to the provision of the screens 17 particles, which might settle upon and injure the material in process of baking in the oven, are prevented from entering the same. By thus providing for circulation of air through the oven the gases which are generated by the baking of the material in the oven are carried away, and, moreover, the heating efficiency of the oven is materially increased, and a corresponding economy of time and of fuel is effected. v

Having thus' described the invention, what is claimed as new, is

1. In an oven, a hollow or double wal with an air space or chamber with screened inlets at the top through the outer wall or portion of the wall and outlets at the bottom of the inner wall or portion of the wall whereby air is admitted to the oven and heated while passing in, a ceiling and an asbestos tween, with openings from the oven through the ceiling into the chambers and from chamber to chamber, openings through the wall from the chambers between the ceiling and roof into a Ventilating pipe or conductor, a pipe or conductor from these openings to a ue or into the open air, these pipes, openings and chambers or spaces constituting and comprising a Ventilating system for the oven whereby is secured equalization and regulation of temperature of the oven, con

servation of heat units and eilciency of the oven.

2. An oven of the class described having inner and outer walls spaced apart to form an air circulating chamber between them, said outer wall having openings near its upper end communicating with the outer air, and said inner wall having openings near the bottom communicating with the interior of the oven, a ceiling for the oven, beams supporting the ceiling and resting at their ends on the inner wall, a roof supported by the beams and having a non-conducting covering, said ceiling, roof and beams forming air chambers in the top of the oven, said ceiling having openings communicating with said air chambers, said beams having openings establishing communication between said air chambers, a Ventilating pipe spaced from the oven vand ducts connecting said Ventilating pipe with the respective chambers between the ceiling and roof of the oven.

3. In an oven for the baking of enamel or japan on metal, a hollow or double wall with an air space or chamber with screened inlets at the top through the outer wall or portion of the wall and outlets at the bottom of the inner wall or portion of the wall whereby air is admitted to the oven and heated while passing in, a ceiling and an asbestos lined roof with air spaces or chambers between, with openings from the oven through the ceiling into the chambers and from chamber to chamber, openings through the wall from the chambers between the ceiling and the roof into a Ventilating pipe or conductor, a pipe or conductor from these openings to a lue or into the open air, these pipes, openings and chambers or spaces constituting and comprising a Ventilating system for the oven whereby is secured equalization and regulation of temperature in the oven, conservation of heat units and efliciency of the oven.

In testimony whereof I afliX my signature in-presence of two witnesses.

EUREM A. CARPENTER.

Vitnesses:

THOMAS SHERwooD, EDWIN S. BARTLETT. 

